Description
- Antibacterial action – Osmotic effect (high sugar), low pH, hydrogen peroxide produced by glucose oxidase, and non-peroxide factors (e.g., methylglyoxal in some honeys) inhibit bacterial growth — including antibiotic-resistant strains in some studies. This is crucial for skin/wound infections.
- Anti-inflammatory effects -Honey lowers inflammatory markers at wound sites and in cell studies, reducing swelling and pain and promoting a favorable environment for repair.
- Antioxidant / free-radical scavenging – Forest honeys often contain higher levels of polyphenols & flavonoids (from diverse wild flora). These antioxidants protect tissues from oxidative stress — relevant for immune health and skin aging/repair.
- Immunomodulation – Several studies (in vitro and animal models, some human data) show honey can stimulate innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils) and modulate cytokine release — supporting both pathogen defense and regulated inflammation. “Jungle” / wild honeys have shown immune-enhancing and even antitumor activity in experimental work.
- Tissue-regenerative properties (wound healing) – Honey maintains a moist wound bed, promotes autolytic debridement (removal of dead tissue), encourages granulation and epithelialization, and reduces infection — all speeding closure and improving scar outcomes in many wound studies. Medical honey dressings are an established clinical product.






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